立秋必吃时令马蹄！4种家常吃法，清甜润燥养脾胃，秋季岂不超合适

立秋一过，山东这边早晚那股子风就不一样了，白天还带点热乎气，到了夜里一下子就干起来了。家里老人容易口干，孩子跑两圈也喊嗓子发紧，饭桌上要是再来点油腻重口的，脾胃立马不乐意。偏偏这时候，菜市场里最顺应节气的，就是马蹄。

这东西看着不起眼，削开皮却清甜脆嫩，生吃解馋，熟吃也不柴。老话讲应季而食，不是玄乎话，很多秋天常见的食材，都是冲着润燥、好消化去的。马蹄水分足，口感脆，拿来配虾仁、排骨、猪肉馅，顺手一做，家里老少都能吃得舒坦。

说白了，立秋后吃马蹄，不是图个新鲜，是图它实在。清清爽爽，不抢味，和肉搭一块还能把油腻压一压。中国营养学会给的膳食指南里一直强调，日常饮食要多样化，蔬菜水果豆类都得轮着来，时令食材本来就占着这个理儿。马蹄这种秋天才有点意思的东西，进了厨房，真不亏。

先说马蹄木耳炒虾仁，这道菜最适合家里有老人和孩子的日子。虾仁先用白胡椒粉抓一抓，去腥，蒜末爆香后大火快炒，虾仁一卷曲就得赶紧盛出来，火候拖久了，鲜味就跑了。马蹄切薄片，木耳焯过水，进锅里一翻，脆的脆、嫩的嫩，最后把虾仁倒回去，少许盐一调，整盘菜干净利落。

这道菜最妙的地方，就是一个快字。马蹄怕久煮，虾仁怕老，木耳怕生，三样东西凑一锅，像是几个性格不一的人坐一桌，得有个会掌勺的把节奏拿稳。炒出来以后，虾仁提鲜，木耳增加口感，马蹄负责脆甜，既不像纯海鲜那样单薄，也不像纯素菜那样寡淡。家里两个小子要是放学回来闻到这个味儿，筷子都能跑起来。

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http://www.milanoht.com/blog/news.php/66713319.shtml再说马蹄萝卜排骨汤，这就是北方家庭秋天最靠谱的一口汤。排骨冷水下锅焯水，血沫撇干净，这一步不能偷懒，不然汤面发浑，味道也闹心。砂锅里先炖排骨和姜片，40分钟后再放白萝卜和马蹄，继续20分钟，时间掐得正好。汤出来以后，萝卜的清甜、排骨的肉香、马蹄的脆润，全都在锅里碰上了。

这类汤最适合山东人的饭量。别看是一锅汤，端上桌可不是只喝两口意思意思。我们这边不少家庭讲究实在，汤里得有料，碗里得见肉。白萝卜在民间一直是冬春秋都常见的老食材，民间也有萝卜赛人参的说法，虽说不能当药，但它确实清爽，和马蹄一起炖，口感不冲，老人喝着也顺。汤里那点油脂被萝卜和马蹄一压，整锅显得利索。

马蹄肉丸汤就更接地气了。猪肉馅里拌上剁碎的马蹄，再加姜末、生抽、淀粉，顺着一个方向搅上劲，捏成丸子下锅。马蹄的碎粒藏在肉里，熟了以后不会软塌塌，反倒像埋了几颗小脆珠子，一口咬下去，肉香里带点清甜，口感特别有层次。

这道汤好就好在，家里孩子爱吃，老人也不嫌腻。纯肉丸子吃多了容易发沉，加了马蹄以后，油腻感被冲淡不少。很多老一辈做丸子讲究扎实，但也常会遇到一个问题，吃着吃着觉得发干。马蹄就像个会调和的中间人，不张扬，却把口感提亮了。撒点葱花，滴几滴香油，热气一上来，整屋子都是家常味儿。

最后是马蹄肉馅饺子，这个在北方家庭里很能打。饺子本来就是团圆饭桌上的硬通货，啥节气都能吃，但秋天包一回马蹄馅，味道就变了。猪肉馅先分次加葱姜水，打到发黏，再放生抽、蚝油、盐，最后把马蹄碎拌进去，淋点香油锁住水分。包出来的饺子，咬开之后先是肉香，后面才冒出马蹄的脆甜，口感不闷。

很多人包饺子总怕馅出水，其实马蹄这个食材用对了，反而能让馅料更精神。它自带水分，但又不是那种一煮就塌的东西，切成细丁后和肉馅搅匀，熟了之后不会和面皮抢戏。水煮也好，蒸熟也好，出锅之后蘸点醋，山东人这口就算拿捏住了。家里孩子一边吃一边说香，老人也觉得不腻，这饺子就算立住了。

马蹄还有个特点，很多人以为它是水果，真要端上桌又常被当成配菜。其实从食材属性看，它更像秋天厨房里的百搭选手。生吃的时候脆甜，熟吃的时候不抢味，炖、炒、做馅、打汤都行。福建、广东一带做马蹄糕很常见，北方家庭虽然少些花样，但一进家常菜里，马上就显出优势。它不是那种靠浓重味道撑场面的菜，而是靠自身那口清爽劲儿赢人。

立秋之后很多人容易上火、口干、胃口差，这时候饭桌上就别总盯着大鱼大肉。中医讲秋主燥，饮食上讲究润一点、柔一点、少一点燥烈刺激，这和现代营养学说的均衡、清淡、适量，其实是一个道理。马蹄带着点凉润的属性，适合和温热食材搭配着吃，不至于一上来就把脾胃折腾得太狠。

但话也得说在前头，马蹄再好，也不能当成灵丹妙药。它属于日常食材，吃的是顺应时节，不是治病救人。脾胃本来就偏寒的人，别一口气猛吃太多，尤其是生吃，容易肚子不舒服。家里有老人孩子的，还是熟吃更稳当，炒着吃、炖着吃、包进饺子里，肚里更踏实。

这些年不少人一到秋天就开始买各种所谓的养生食材，结果越折腾越乱。其实真没必要把厨房搞得像试验台。马蹄这种东西，菜市场就能买到，削皮、切片、切丁，几下就拾掇明白了。做饭的人最懂，越是家常食材，越考验火候和搭配。虾仁要快，排骨要炖，肉丸要上劲，饺子馅要锁水，细节到位了，味道自然不差。

山东人做饭讲究啥？讲究大锅里出真味，讲究端上桌得让一家老小都能伸筷子。马蹄这类应季食材，就特别适合这种家庭场景。孩子吃着脆，老人吃着软，媳妇说清爽，我这当爹的看着也放心。饭桌上一碗汤、一盘炒菜、几只饺子，热气往上一冒，秋天那点干燥劲儿，好像也被压下去不少。