嘉宾专访｜纪尧姆·拉福蒂纳：APEC深具号召力，将推动经济成员体实现可持续发展

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导语：2026年8月，第十三届IPP国际会议在广州举办。会议期间，国际会议嘉宾、联合国可持续发展解决方案网络（SDSN）副主席兼亚洲事务负责人纪尧姆·拉福蒂纳（Guillaume Lafortune）接受了南方国际传播中心（South）专访，阐述对亚太地区可持续发展前景的观察。

他指出，当前联合国《2030年可持续发展议程》的落实已进入关键阶段，亚太地区在减贫、教育、创新和清洁能源等领域取得显著进展的同时，仍面临生态环境压力、发展进程分化及冲突风险等多重挑战。如何将长期发展承诺转化为具体行动，仍是各方的重要关切。拉福蒂纳高度赞赏中国在推进可持续发展、扩大可再生能源生产及制定长期发展规划等方面的努力，并对中国参与塑造2030年后发展议程寄予期待。他指出，APEC汇聚各经济体领导人的能力，为加强对话、协调政策和推动务实合作提供了重要契机。

*本文内容转载自南方报业传媒集团广东国际传播媒体“South”。

随着第33次亚太经合组织（APEC）领导人非正式会议将于今年11月在深圳举行，现在正是回顾亚太地区发展成就、审视未来挑战的重要时刻。

“APEC的一大优势，在于它聚集各方的号召力。”联合国可持续发展解决方案网络（SDSN）副主席兼亚洲事务负责人纪尧姆·拉福蒂纳（Guillaume Lafortune）近日在接受South独家专访时表示。

拉福蒂纳详细分析了亚太地区落实联合国可持续发展目标（SDGs）的进展。他期待APEC各经济体通过对话，在战争与和平、人工智能与数字技术、维护开放贸易等重要议题上取得进展，因为这些问题最终都关系到可持续发展目标能否实现。

亚太可持续发展取得显著进展，但区域分化仍然明显

8月下旬，拉福蒂纳在广州举行的华南理工大学公共政策研究院（IPP）第十三届国际会议上发表演讲。在此次会议前，他已经详细阐述了他对亚太地区可持续发展新趋势的观察。相关分析主要基于联合国可持续发展解决方案网络（SDSN）今年6月发布的《2026年可持续发展报告》。

在8月23日举行的第十三届IPP国际会议上，纪尧姆·拉福蒂纳以“亚太经合组织与可持续发展：对实现长期政策目标的进展和承诺的实证回顾”为题发表演讲。

自2015年联合国所有会员国通过可持续发展目标以来，SDSN持续跟踪各国落实这一议程的进展。可持续发展目标旨在推动经济增长、社会进步与环境可持续发展相互协调。

“总体而言，根据我们的评估，东亚和南亚在落实可持续发展目标方面取得了相当积极的进展。”拉福蒂纳表示。

东亚和南亚也是全球推进可持续发展目标最快的地区之一。拉福蒂纳指出，该地区在教育、创新、基础设施、消除贫困（可持续发展目标1）以及经济适用的清洁能源（可持续发展目标7）等领域进展尤为明显。

不过，在肯定这些成绩的同时，拉福蒂纳也提醒，东亚和南亚仍面临不少挑战。他特别提到可持续发展目标11所关注的可持续城市和社区问题，以及空气污染、可持续发展目标14和15涉及的海洋与陆地生物多样性保护问题。此外，一些国家在可持续发展目标16所涵盖的和平、正义与强大机构等方面仍面临较大挑战。

“如果一个国家正深陷重大冲突，就不可能真正推进可持续发展。”拉福蒂纳表示。

SDSN于2026年6月发布《2026年可持续发展报告》，报告包含可持续发展目标指数（SDG Index）及仪表盘（Dashboards），用于评估各国落实联合国可持续发展目标的进展。

谈到APEC经济体时，拉福蒂纳指出，各成员在可持续发展目标的推进速度和实际表现上存在差异。

他特别介绍了日本和中国的情况。日本是可持续发展目标指数排名前20位中唯一的非欧洲国家。围绕可持续发展目标，中国近年来也取得了显著进展。与此同时，一些经济体的发展仍相对滞后，例如巴布亚新几内亚在169个国家中排名第157位。

IPP国际会议间隙，拉福蒂纳接受south记者专访。

除了实际进展不同，各APEC经济体对可持续发展目标的重视程度以及将其纳入政策实践的意愿也存在差异。拉福蒂纳指出，印度尼西亚、菲律宾、加拿大和墨西哥等国家，已经将可持续发展理念纳入多项公共治理实践和政策程序。

其中，印度尼西亚、菲律宾和墨西哥均已通过自愿国别审查机制，四次向联合国提交本国落实可持续发展目标的进展报告。相比之下，美国对可持续发展目标以及《巴黎气候协定》采取了明显不同的政策立场。

中国是践行承诺并作出贡献的重要案例

拉福蒂纳表示，自2015年以来，中国在可持续发展目标指数中的排名上升了14位，在推进可持续发展和气候行动方面展现出较强的政策投入和行动意愿。

联合国可持续发展解决方案网络（SDSN）可持续发展目标（SDG）指数仪表盘显示，中国目前在169个国家和地区中排名第49位，指数得分为74.7分。

随着中国可再生能源产量不断刷新纪录、相关技术成本持续下降，拉福蒂纳认为：“总体来看，中国属于高度重视并积极推进这一议程的国家。”

距离联合国《2030年可持续发展议程》的目标期限已不足四年。拉福蒂纳认为，中国的积极参与将有助于为2030年后的全球可持续发展议程注入动力。

“希望中国以及其他已经展现出领导力的国家能够更加积极地发出自己的声音，从而推动形成一份更具雄心的未来议程。”他表示。

拉福蒂纳回应South记者关于中国可持续发展目标落实进展的提问。

在拉福蒂纳看来，可持续发展的下一阶段应更加重视政策落实。他对中国今年3月通过“十五五”规划（2026—2030年）表示欢迎，并指出，亚太地区已有多个国家正在制定长期发展规划，这些规划通常与联合国可持续发展目标高度契合，或至少将其作为重要参考。

“对亚太地区而言，维护和平仍然至关重要。因此，各方需要继续推动区域乃至全球安全架构建设，并坚持以联合国为基础的多边主义。”

阿塞拜疆希济-阿普歇伦风电项目的风机。图源：新华社

即将举行的APEC会议将彰显汇聚各方领导人的“召集力”

拉福蒂纳预计，今年11月举行的APEC领导人非正式会议上，战争与和平、人工智能与数字技术，以及贸易摩擦等一系列紧迫议题，都将成为各方讨论的重点。

尽管当前国际环境面临诸多复杂难题，拉福蒂纳仍然对即将举行的APEC会议抱有积极乐观的期待。他认为，APEC最重要的优势之一，就是能够“把这些世界领导人召集到一起”。

拉福蒂纳期待，各经济体能够在APEC框架下，就推动可持续发展相关政策和规则形成更多共识。这种进展不应只停留在宣言和话语层面，也应体现在各专业委员会和工作机制的实际成果之中。

8月27日，2026年APEC第三次高官会在中国辽宁省大连市举行，与会代表合影。当日，2026年APEC第三次高官会开幕会议在大连举行。图源：新华社

他以林业和可持续采伐为例。今年7月下旬，2026年APEC林业部长级会议在深圳举行，与会各方最终就林业和可持续采伐相关宣言达成一致。

“希望在一些具体议题上，各方仍然能够找到合作空间，继续推动可持续发展，并建设更加可持续的贸易体系。”他说。

记者｜张睿君

报道链接：

*英文原报道请下滑查看：

As the 33rd APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting approaches in Shenzhen this November, it is time to review the achievements made and challenges ahead for the Asia-Pacific region.

"On the APEC side, it has a convening power," noted Guillaume Lafortune, Vice President & Head of Asia at the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) in a recent exclusive interview with South.

Detailing his analysis of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the Asia-Pacific region, Lafortune expected that APEC economies could make progress through dialogue on issues such as war and peace, AI and digital technologies, as well as maintaining open trade, as all of them are ultimately critical to achieving sustainable development.

Remarkable SDG progress in the Asia Pacific despite diverging trends

Prior to his speech titled APEC & Sustainable Development: An Empirical Review of Progress and Commitments Towards Long-term Policy Goals at an academic conference held in Guangzhou in late August, Lafortune elaborated on his observations of new trajectories in the region. These insights are based on the Sustainable Development Report 2026 published this June by SDSN.

Since the SDGs' adoption by all UN Member States in 2015, SDSN has tracked the progress that countries are making in moving towards this agenda, aiming for balanced economic growth, social progress and environmental sustainability.

"Overall, the picture looks quite positive in terms of progress for East and South Asia in our assessment," Lafortune underscored. As the region made the fastest progress on this agenda, he listed rapid progress on the SDGs related to education, innovation, infrastructure, no poverty (SDG 1) and affordable and clean energy (SDG 7).

For all the achievements reached, there are still some challenges ahead in East and South Asia, Lafortune warned.

He detailed sustainable cities and communities of SDG 11. He also addressed air pollution and marine and terrestrial biodiversity under SDGs 14 and 15, as well as peace, justice and strong institutions under SDG 16 in some countries. "You cannot implement sustainable development in the middle of a major conflict," Lafortune stated.

As for APEC members, there are diverging trends and performance on SDG progress, the Vice President pointed out.

He elaborated on the performance of Japan, the only non-European country in the top 20 of the SDG index, and on progress in China. Nonetheless, there are countries such as Papua New Guinea that lag behind, ranking 157 out of 169.

Also, Lafortune highlighted various situations in terms of SDG commitment and willingness to embrace this agenda among APEC members. Countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines, Canada and Mexico have incorporated sustainable development into many public management practices and procedures.

Indonesia, the Philippines and Mexico have all submitted their action plans to the United Nations four times as part of the voluntary national review. By contrast, the United States very clearly opposes the SDGs in the Paris Climate Agreement.

China is an example of commitment and contribution

As China has progressed by 14 ranks in the SDG assessment since 2015, it has shown quite a remarkable commitment when it comes to sustainable development and climate actions, Lafortune said.

Given its record-breaking renewable energy production each year and the falling costs of renewable energy technologies, "Overwhelmingly, China is among the countries that are highly committed towards this agenda," he noted.

With less than four years remaining in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development of the United Nations, Lafortune saw a brighter prospect for the post-2030 agenda with China's participation.

"Hopefully, countries such as China and other countries that have shown leadership should make their voice heard, so that we have an ambitious agenda moving forward," he added.

The next era of sustainable development, in Lafortune's view, should focus on implementation to a large extent. He welcomed China's adoption of its 15th Five-Year Plan (2026–2030) this March. There are a number of countries in the region working on long-term plans, often very much aligned with, or at least referencing, the sustainable development goals.

"It's important still for the region to safeguard peace and so to work on regional, but also global security architecture and remain committed to UN-based multilateralism," noted the UN official.

The imminent APEC meeting endows convening power among world leaders

A number of pressing short-term issues around war and peace, AI and digital technologies, along with trade wars, will take center stage, and rightly so, at the upcoming APEC meeting in November, Lafortune projected.

In spite of the conundrums along the way, he is still optimistic about the approaching meeting as the big strength of APEC is to be able to "convene these world leaders together".

The Vice President of SDSN expected progress inside APEC in agreeing on certain ways to move forward when it comes to sustainable arrangements and regulations, not only the narrative, but also outcomes within some of the subcommittee groups.

He took forestry and logging as an example. The 2026 APEC Ministerial Meeting on Forestry in Shenzhen managed to come up with an agreement on a declaration around forestry and sustainable logging in late July.

"Hopefully, there is still room for specific issues to advance sustainable development and sustainable trade systems," he said.

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